Inquiry Learning

collaborators




Roles of: School Library Media Specialist(s),
Content Teacher(s),
Special Education Teacher(s),
Technical Support,
Administration,
Parents,
and Students






  During Preparation
During Implementation
During Evaluation and Debriefing
School Library Media Specialist(s)
  • facilitates group meetings to plan the inquiry learning unit
  • trains teachers in inquiry learning* and information literacy** if necessary
  • co-plans the unit with the content teacher and other teachers involved
  • creates pathfinders, Webquests, and other lists of resources for the unit
  • creates mini-lessons, tutorials, scavenger hunts, etc. for teaching information literacy
  • develops collections that include information resources, multimedia resources, and hands-on experimental resources
  • reserves the library for times when the students will need access to its resources, facilities, and services.
  • teaches the students information literacy skills** through traditional methods (e.g. explanation, modeling, and guided practice) and/or non-traditional methods (e.g. scavenger hunts, tutorials, guided navigation, games, etc.).  See the AT&T/UCLA Initiative 21st Century Literacies for excellent lesson plans to use as mini-lessons throughout the unit.
  • provides easy access to relevant, age-appropriate, and quality resources (both print and online)
  • provides resources to meet diverse needs
  • provides frequent individual instruction
  • provides guidance and expert models if students get stuck in the research process
  • redirects students' attention back to their main research questions if they get off-track
  • arranges the library media center in a way that optimizes effective use
  • allows for flexible scheduling
  • invites and facilitates thoughtful student questioning
  • monitors and assesses the students' skills, understanding, and progress
  • facilitates on-going meetings with the other teachers to assess the unit and student progress and to discuss ways to meet needs
  • helps evaluate the students' final projects, presentations, and products
  • reflects on the unit with the staff
  • writes a brief final evaluative report about the unit, recording successful activities, strategies, and lessons to be repeated in the future, as well as areas that need improvement
  • provides a forum for student feedback about the unit
  • celebrates the students' accomplishments through intercom announcements, bulletins, local newspapers, or other media.
  • displays student work in a prominent place in or outside the library
Content Teacher(s)
  • chooses the standards, objectives, theme, and assessments
  • co-plans the unit with the library media specialist and other teachers involved
  • becomes trained in inquiry learning and information literacy, if necessary
  • communicates with parents about the inquiry unit (re. purpose, instructions, evaluative criteria, tentative timeline of due dates, ways parents can support their child's learning process, etc.)
  • introduces the unit in a way that generates student enthusiasm,
  • facilitates in-depth class discussion about the theme and essential questions of the unit
  • with the students, creates a web, map, or list of related questions, problems, issues, etc.
  • helps each student choose their own questions to investigate
  • gives the students problems to solve, projects to work on, essential questions to explore
  • asks the students questions that help them to:
    • engage in learning,
    • make predictions
    • think divergently,
    • clarify and defend their position,
    • overcome obstacles,
    • make applications,
    • assess their progress,
    • reflect on their learning.
  • provides frequent individual instruction
  • provides guidance and expert models if students get stuck in the research process
  • redirects students' attention back to their main research questions if they get off-track
  • teaches the writing process, if used in the unit (pre-writing, note-taking, construction and defense of thesis, forming an outline, writing drafts, revision, editing, publication)
  • orchestrates assessment by implementing strategies for self-assessment, peer-assessment, and  parent-assessment.
  • continually assesses each student's progress.
  • makes adjustments to the unit, if necessary
  • meets with the school library media specialist and other teachers involved on a regular basis to discuss student progress and ways to meet needs.
  • communicates with parents about student progress
  • arranges for parent-teacher-student conference, if necessary
  • evaluates the students' final projects, presentations, and products
  • helps the students reflect on their learning in order to make new meaning and apply it to future contexts.  Asks questions such as
    • "What did you learn?"
    • "How might you use this knowledge in other areas?"
    • "What was happening in your head as you learned?"
    • "How did you deal with obstacles?"
    • "When did you feel successful? "Why?"
  • provides a forum for parent feedback about the unit
  • reflects with the staff on what went well and how this type of unit could be improved in the future
  • records successful activities, strategies, and lessons to be used in the future as well as areas that need improvement
  • celebrates students' accomplishments

Special Education Teacher(s)
  • co-plans the unit with the content teacher, library media specialist, and any other teachers involved
  • modifies assignments, instruction, and evaluation
  • creates graphic organizers
  • becomes trained in inquiry learning and information literacy, if necessary
  • provides extra or modified instruction and materials for students who need it
  • helps students organize their materials, ideas, and writing
  • continually assesses his/her students' progress
  • meets with the school library media specialist and other teachers involved on a regular basis to discuss student progress and ways to meet needs
  • communicates with parents about student progress
  • evaluates his/her students' work
  • reflects with the staff on what went well and how this type of unit could be improved in the future
  • celebrates students' accomplishments
Technical Support
  • prepares the technology needed for the unit, ensuring that it is easy for the students to navigate and use
  • reserves the computer lab for times when the students will need access
  • gives point-of-need instruction in technological matters
  • provides assistance for technical problems
  • helps students design and create their final projects, if technological in nature
  • reflects with the staff on what went well and how this type of unit could be improved in the future
  • records the technological glitches, needs, or wishlist items so that these can be addressed in the future
  • celebrates students' accomplishments
Administration
  • understands and values the goals of the unit
  • provides or allows for teacher training in inquiry learning, collaborative instruction, and information literacy
  • provides or allows for a lengthy meeting time for staff to plan the unit
  • provides or allows for regularly-scheduled meetings for sharing, problem solving, and continued planning
  • makes possible the use of school facilities (library, computer lab, etc.)
  • makes suggestions he/she might have about the unit
  • attends or makes an appearance at the students' final presentation time
  • reads the brief final evaluative report about the unit
  • celebrates students' accomplishments
Parents
  • help their child establish good study habits
  • read teacher-prepared materials about the inquiry unit to help their child prepare for the unit
  • serve as a sounding board for their child's ideas
  • encourage their child in their research, giving guidance without doing the work for him/her
  • assess their child's work according to the teacher's and child's criteria
  • encourage good inquiry habits at home
  • be an audience as their child practices his/her presentation
  • attend parent-teacher-student conferences, if requested
  • provide feedback on the unit
  • become advocates of inquiry learning
  • celebrate child's accomplishments
Students
  • maintain valid library cards for neighborhood library
  • have parents sign permission slips for any fieldtrips or special events in connection with the inquiry unit
  • generate their own inquiry questions
  • locate and retrieve resources that address their research questions
  • read their resources and identify the information relevant to their research
  • form and test their own hypotheses
  • evaluate the authority, bias, reliability, etc. of their sources
  • set performance criteria and goals for themselves
  • are an engaged audience for their classmates' presentations
  • monitor and evaluate their own learning
  • discuss the process of their learning with their classmates
  • critically evaluate the unit and suggest ways to improve it
  • celebrate their accomplishments

* Inquiry-based learning training includes:

  • knowing how to ask questions that will guide students in their paths of inquiry
  • knowing how to train students to discover their own answers to questions and construct their own meaning, rather than just giving them teacher-constructed meaning
  • knowing how to respond to students in a way that promotes their self-confidence and opens new ways of thinking
  • knowing how to emphasize the inquiry process more than the "correct answers"
  • knowing how to assess students' inquiry processes and habits of mind

** According to the American Library Association, information literacy is a set of abilities that allow individuals to "recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate, and use effectively the needed information." It includes:

  • choosing a focus of investigation and forming research questions
  • using search strategies to find resources and determining the relevance of their search results
  • retrieving relevant print and electronic resources
  • evaluating resources for their authority, currency, reliability, bias, accuracy, and appropriateness
  • extracting, interpreting, analyzing, synthesizing, critiquing, and responding to the information in resources
  • citing sources and using technology ethically
  • forming and defending one's own position on an issue
  • organizing this new knowledge to present to an audience or to use for a purpose
  • using an effective presentation medium

Sources

American Library Association. Presidential Committee on Information Literacy. Final Report. Chicago: American Library Association, 1989.

Exline, Joe. Concept to Classroom Workshop: Inquiry-based Learning. Ed. Godwin Chu. 2004. Educational Broadcasting Corporation. 22 Oct. 2007 .

Harada, Violet H., and Joan M. Yoshina. Inquiry Learning through Librarian-Teacher Partnerships. Worthington, OH: Linworth Publishing, Inc., 2004



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